Which structures form the Zygapophyseal joints?

The Zygapophyseal joints, also known as facet joints, are formed by the superior and inferior articular facets of adjacent vertebrae. These joints facilitate movement and stability in the spinal column, allowing for gliding motions between the vertebrae while also contributing to the overall structural integrity of the spine.

The superior articular facet of one vertebra articulates with the inferior articular facet of the adjacent vertebra, creating a synovial joint. This specific configuration allows for various movements, including flexion, extension, and rotation, depending on the region of the spine. The alignments and orientations of these facets vary in different regions (cervical, thoracic, and lumbar) to accommodate the functional demands of that spinal segment.

Other structures mentioned in the choices serve different purposes in spinal anatomy. The transverse processes and spinous processes are bony projections on the vertebrae for muscle attachment and do not form joints with one another. Intervertebral disks and vertebral bodies are vital for cushioning and supporting the spine but do not create the Zygapophyseal joints, as those specifically involve the articular facets. The combination of two adjacent vertebrae and the sacrum does not accurately describe the Zygapophy