What type of joint is the elbow classified as?

The elbow is classified as a synovial hinge joint, which is characterized by its structure and function. This type of joint allows for flexion and extension movements in one plane, specifically in the sagittal plane, resembling the action of a door hinge.

In the case of the elbow, the joint connects the humerus of the upper arm to the radius and ulna of the forearm, providing a stable and efficient mechanism for arm movements. The presence of synovial fluid within the joint capsule aids in lubrication, reducing friction during movement and enhancing the joint’s range of motion.

In contrast, the other types of joints mentioned have distinct characteristics: a ball and socket joint allows movement in multiple planes (like the shoulder or hip), a pivot joint permits rotational movement (like the proximal radioulnar joint), and a fibrous joint is immovable (like the sutures in the skull). This distinction highlights the unique functional capabilities of the elbow as a synovial hinge joint.