What role do menisci play in the knee joint?

The menisci play a crucial role in the knee joint by deepening the articular surfaces of the tibia, which enhances the stability and congruence between the tibia and the femoral condyles during movement. This deepening effect provides a more secure fit that allows for improved weight distribution and force transmission within the joint. The menisci are crescent-shaped fibrocartilaginous structures that not only help to absorb shock but also contribute to articular surface area, reducing the risk of wear and tear on the cartilage surfaces over time.

When the menisci are intact and functioning properly, they help to ensure that the knee joint operates smoothly, supporting dynamic activities such as walking, running, and jumping. This improved fit between the femoral condyles and the tibial surfaces also helps to stabilize the joint during various movements, reducing the likelihood of injury.

In contrast, while the other potential roles listed involve important functions in knee biomechanics and stability, they do not accurately describe the specific contribution of the menisci in the context of enhancing and deepening the articular surfaces.