What muscles contribute to cervical rotation and lateral bending?

The muscles that are primarily responsible for cervical rotation and lateral bending include the sternocleidomastoid, scalenes, and longissimus. The sternocleidomastoid is particularly effective at facilitating rotation when one muscle contracts unilaterally, and it also plays a key role in lateral bending when both embrace action. The scalenes contribute to lateral flexion and assist in rotation of the cervical spine, often working synergistically with the sternocleidomastoid.

The longissimus, part of the erector spinae group, also aids in cervical lateral bending and extension. It runs along the back of the neck and helps maintain an upright posture while providing stability and movement. Together, these muscles create a coordinated effort in allowing the cervical spine to perform movements such as rotation and lateral bending effectively, making this selection accurate for the question asked.