What muscles are involved in scapular protraction?

Scapular protraction is primarily accomplished through the action of the serratus anterior and the pectoralis minor muscles. The serratus anterior is a key muscle that pulls the scapula forward around the thorax, positioning it for optimal function and movement. It is crucial in stabilizing the scapula against the rib cage, allowing for effective upper limb movements.

The pectoralis minor assists in this action by helping to pull the scapula forward and downward, supporting the protraction movement. Together, these muscles create a synergistic effect to achieve protraction, making them the correct choice for this question.

In contrast, other muscle groups listed, like the rhomboids and lower trapezius or the upper trapezius and levator scapulae, are primarily involved in retraction and elevation of the scapula, respectively, rather than protraction. The pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi, mentioned as another option, do not play a significant role in scapular protraction either. This understanding emphasizes the specific contribution of serratus anterior and pectoralis minor in efficiently performing this movement.